Describe Plato Allegory of the Cave Essay Example for Free

Depict Plato Allegory of the Cave Essay Depict Plato moral story of the cavern (25 imprints) Platoâ is one of the most significant Greek scholars and an understudy of Socrates. He established the Academy in Athens, an organization dedicated to research and guidance in theory and technical disciplines. His deals with theory, governmental issues and arithmetic which were exceptionally compelling. The mind boggling implications that can be seen from the Cave can be found initially with the nearness of the detainees who are affixed in the obscurity of the cavern. The detainees are bound to the floor and unfit to blow some people's minds to perceive what goes on behind them. To the rear of the detainees, lie the puppeteers who are throwing the shadows on the divider, which the detainees are seeing as the real world. In the start of the Allegory of the Cave Plato speaks to man’s condition as being â€Å"chained in a cave,† in Plato’s purposeful anecdote the detainees are affixed in a cavern, incapable to knock some people's socks off. Everything they can see is the mass of the cavern. Behind them consumes a fire all the detainees see and hear are shadows and echoes cast by objects that they don't see. In platos moral story Plato accepts the cavern is the world the whole human race are detainees of the world similarly the cavern speaks to the furthest reaches of their universe or information The cavern additionally speaks to misconception and interruption, correspondingly Plato accepts our body is a cavern and inside the body is the spirit ,and the spirit is caught inside the body where humankind lost all that we required in the realm of structures which was the genuine information when we bite the dust the spirit is discharged from our body. Another translation is the point at which the detainees are caught inside the cavern the detainees speak to humankind ,who don’t realize what the truth is, on the grounds that they think the truth is exactly what they can see (the shadows) which is truly not reality at all it is minor portrayal of reality The detainees represent those of a reasonable world reluctant to see or face reality. In their obliviousness the detainees shroud away in the cavern, uninformed of the otherworldly world These detainees can't move since they are controlled by chains. The main thing that they can see is a wall To the detainees the fact of the matter is just the divider and its shadows. The detainees know nothing outside of the shadows at one point one of the detainees are discharged he begins to see the objects of physical reality The discharged detainee is an individual gone up against with the chance of edification who first observes reality (the sun in the moral story) and is blinded by it. Another moral story in Platos story is The chains which keep humankind away from their own understanding these detainees can't move since they are controlled by chains the chains can be deciphered as a Fear of disappointment orâ postponing something which are instances of the chains that keep down every person from their maximum capacity. In the moral story these chains shield the detainees from getting away and finding reality that is the outside world. The chains that limit the detainees, while genuine to the detainees in the cavern, are not any more genuine than the shadows are. Another understanding found in the purposeful anecdote the cavern is extremely dull on the grounds that there is minimal light inside it and articles are barely observed, The daylight toward the finish of the way, would be explicitly the type of good the moral story could likewise be about strict edification, the Sun speaking to the light of the great, the Godly other world which the liberated detainee has outperformed to and was currently ready to see. The detainee who was edified to religion is quickly discharged from the numbness and obscurity of mankind the sun is a type of good, illuminated truth and the got away from detainee who requires the information and is obliged to come back to the individuals in chains and edify them on what has been seen . Improve answer In the external world there is light and everything is clear and obvious the detainee discharged from the surrender to the external world gradually and steadily starts to recognize everything and becomes to understand that the external world is the genuine and the cavern is the incredible world in like manner additionally Knowledge, training, and spiritualâ enlightenment all represent the light. In Allegory of the Cave, light most regularly reflects disclosure when detainees, humankind, leave â€Å"the cave†. (unbelievable world) the dimness in the cavern emblematically speaks to the universe of numbness The shadows are reproductions or duplicates of the real world. The echoes speak to things inâ lifeâ that have been mutilated after some time because of tattle, impressions, and bits of gossip  These shadows or lessons where blinding the detainee from considering outside what was set before them similarly the detainees decipher the shadows on the divider as being genuine who see reflections however rather are simply poor shadows of pictures of things that exist in the outside world for instance a tree is a poor impression of a genuine articles that exists. Most importantly Because of how we live, genuine the truth isn't evident to the greater part of us. In any case, we botch what we see and hear for the real world and truth his is the fundamental reason for Platos Allegory of the Cave, in which detainees sit in a cavern, anchored, watching pictures cast on the divider before them. They acknowledge these perspectives as the real world and they can't get a handle on their general circumstance: the cavern and pictures are a stunt a negligible shadow introduced to the detainees.

New ACT Essay Samples - The Best Place to Get New ACT Essay Samples For Students

New ACT Essay Samples - The Best Place to Get New ACT Essay Samples For StudentsThere are many websites which offer new Act essay samples for students to use. If you are taking the ACT for the first time, this will be an invaluable resource in helping you to develop your essay. If you do not know what an ACT essay is or how to write one, a website that offers a sample is just what you need.There are many different kinds of essays that you can write. Some are class work and some are essay-type tasks. Each one will have a different structure. If you take some time to research the kind of essays that you need to write on your ACT exam, it will be easier for you to be prepared and become more comfortable with the exam.Students who have never taken the ACT before are often confused by the format. For example, some student may think that they have to write an essay about a single topic. However, you can choose to write the entire essay on the same topic. It is up to you to make the decisio n of where you want to write the essay.Another benefit to finding a new act essay sample is that you will be able to see some sample essays that are similar to ones that you will be required to write. A site that offers this type of content can help you develop the skills that you need to write the ACT essay you need to be successful. It is also a good idea to take time to compare your essay with others.Take time to see how different types of essay writing are used on the test. Try to notice the subject matter that is common to all essays. Compare it to how each type of essay is written. By looking at examples, you will be able to learn more about how you should write your own essay.College is a long time coming and this is one of the best ways to show how much you care about your studies. If you are not currently taking the ACT, you should consider using this method as well. The ACT exam is one of the most difficult ones to prepare for. It will be easier for you to pass if you can write an ACT essay in the past tense.By using a new act essay samples, you will be able to see exactly what the ACT is looking for. This will give you a better understanding of what you should write and how to write it. In addition, having some examples of other people's ACT essays will help you see what different kinds of questions may appear on the test.Finally, remember that the ACT is one of the toughest tests in the world. It is important that you spend the necessary time to be prepared for this exam. With practice, you will be able to take the ACT for the first time and become one of the students who passed.

Employee Engagement and Organizational Commitment Journal of Managem

Question: Depict about the Employee Engagement and Organizational Commitment for diary of the board? Answer: Presentation Prologue to the Study The point of this examination is to investigate the connection between levels of worker commitment and authoritative responsibility. It ought to be noticed that the degree of hierarchical responsibility straightforwardly thinks about the authoritative advantages and execution. The examination expects to address the components that influence hierarchical responsibility of workers. Foundation and Significance of the Study The purpose behind picking this theme as research is to examine the components that influence the business related results. The investigation can be utilized to improve the exercises of an association to improve representative perspectives, qualities and practices. Research Questions The fundamental research question for this paper is recognized as- How the executives conduct influences worker commitment and authoritative duty levels? There are other auxiliary inquiries that are replied in the report- What are the predecessors of hierarchical responsibility? Whatever degree the administration practices influence representative commitment and authoritative duty? Research Hypothesis Speculation 1-There is a positive connection between worker commitment promotion hierarchical duties. Theory 2-There is a positive connection between work fulfillment and authoritative responsibility. Theory 3-There is a positive connection between representative commitment and authoritative achievement. Research Aims and Objectives To distinguish the variables influencing worker practices To explore connection between work execution, worker commitment and authoritative responsibility. To consider the significance of inspirational factors in the association. Issue Statement The low-execution guidelines of certain associations are identified with low fulfillment levels of representatives. The spirit of representative decreases if their mentality and conduct are not moving a positive way. Meaning of Terms Worker Engagement Worker commitment is the connection between an association and its representatives. It is the enthusiastic duty of a worker towards the hierarchical objectives (Kruse, 2012). Authoritative Commitment Authoritative duty is the mental connection of a representative towards the association. It is an inclination of obligation towards achieving the strategic the association (Leviatan, 2013). Employment Satisfaction Worker fulfillment or occupation fulfillment is characterized as the fulfillment level of representatives towards the various aspects of his activity (Hlsheger, Alberts, Feinholdt Lang, 2013). Writing Review Authoritative responsibility, representative conduct and employment fulfillment are connected terms. These ideas are upheld up by various speculations clarified as under. Authoritative Citizenship Behavior Authoritative Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is the conduct of representatives showed in an association. The conduct typically includes chipping in, helping other people, fulfilling time constraints and developing. These practices are spoken to by five components of OCB-benevolence, sportsmanship, good faith, kindness and municipal goodness (Salehzadeh, Shahin, Kazemi Shaemi Barzoki, 2015). In basic words, philanthropy implies being useful. It alludes to a representative helping different workers of the association in their errands. Reliability alludes to obeying rules, guidelines, being dependable and suggesting an exceptionally mindful nature. Sportsmanship alludes to the eagerness of enduring challenges in the working environment effortlessly and without gripes. Kindness alludes to the signals that are shown by decreasing issues and reduce its belongings later on. The fundamental thought of civility rotates around maintaining a strategic distance from activities that make representati ves work more earnestly pointlessly. City ethicalness alludes to the productive inclusion in the political procedure of the association (Chiang Hsieh, 2012). ABC Model of Attitude Mentality is the sentiments, feelings or convictions of a person. It is the mental propensity of a representative that identifies with work fulfillment, authoritative responsibility or commitment. Mentality influences singular conduct. There are three parts of demeanor: Affective, Behavioral and Cognitive segment. The full of feeling part includes the sentiments or feelings of workers towards the association. It is identified with the quick reaction of a worker towards a specific circumstance or occasion. The conduct or conative part is the disposition that is affected by or feelings or sentiments. It is the impression of the sentiments or convictions towards a circumstance. The psychological segment alludes to the information or convictions of the representative towards the circumstance or occasion. The activities are for the most part guided by subjective segment (Nelson Quick, 2013). Commitment Drivers Each association has different highlights or drivers that lead to hierarchical achievement. These drivers interface all representatives and help in commitment for a sound corporate culture. A couple of them are clarified (Tims, Bakker, Derks van Rhenen, 2013). Trust, decency and regard among supervisors, representatives and accomplices drive the association. Inward and outer correspondence designs shows better business results (Lipman, 2012). The authoritative structure encouraging venture the board and collaboration considers the hierarchical achievement. The representative needs to concentrate on consumer loyalty. The conduct of pioneers and the executives influences the resolve of workers. The prize and acknowledgment framework for overseeing execution in the association additionally influences the hierarchical achievement. The quality and parity of work-life for chiefs and representatives additionally influence the work execution results (Bedarkar Pandita, 2014). Inspiration Inspiration is a wellspring of invigorating, keeping up and controlling conduct of workers in an association. Inspiration assumes a significant job as it helps in catching the workers drive for performing better (Kuvaas, Buch, Gagne Dysvik, 2015). Inspiration enables the representatives in taking a gander at a superior method to finish the errand, to be quality situated and work with higher productivity. Inspiration can be in type of financial advantages, for example, increment in essential compensation, motivating forces, investment opportunities and rewards. Inspiration can likewise be as non-money advantages, for example, evaluation, acknowledgment and grants. The inspiring components straightforwardly identify with necessities, feelings and comprehension (Robbins Judge, 2011). Research Methodology and Analysis Strategy Outline The strategy followed to direct research includes examining and dissecting information from auxiliary sources. The theoretical speculations made is dissected in the examination. The exploration gives a thought for depicting general market qualities. Research Approach An enlightening methodology is utilized for directing the examination. The graphic research approach helped in giving precise depiction to testing theories. It likewise goes about as a reason for dynamic. Be that as it may, the spellbinding methodology couldn't set up easygoing connections (Kaliannan Adjovu, 2015). Research Design For optional information, three distributed diaries are chosen. The three diaries separately legitimize the three theories of research. A cross-sectional plan is followed for leading exploration in which the data gathered was from an enormous delegate test. It permits looking at changed factors simultaneously (Kaliannan Adjovu, 2015). Information Collection Process The information is gathered from essential and optional sources. Essential information was gathered through top to bottom meetings that helped in picking up bits of knowledge, sentiments and convictions of members. The optional information was gathered from distributed diaries. The scholastic diary broadens the extent of research with subjective just as quantitative information (Kaliannan Adjovu, 2015). Inspecting Method and Size For essential information, the example size is picked to be 25 respondents. Inside and out meeting was directed for securing subjective information. For testing the primary speculations, the populace is chosen as forefront workers at Jordan for the financial segment. Surveys were regulated for an example size of 336 members, out of which 322 members reacted (Albdour Altarawneh, 2014). For testing the subsequent theories, overview surveys were created. An example size of 950 individuals at college medical clinics in Isfahan city was chosen, out of 814 individuals reacted (Mosadeghrad Ferdosi, 2013). For the third speculations, a contextual investigation of the Mobile Telecommunication Network, Ghana was chosen. 137 individuals reacted for completing a quantitative examination (Kaliannan Adjovu, 2015). Moral Consideration The respondents for essential information assortment through inside and out meetings were not constrained into cooperation. Privacy of names and contact subtleties are kept up all through the examination procedure and investigation. Confinements of the investigation The primary impediment was less accessibility of time. The time limitation restricted the essential information examine procedure and significant spotlight is laid on optional information. The optional information has a danger of predispositions and inadequacy. Certain difficulty was additionally looked for encoding the composed archives as it needs normalization. Results and Analysis The profile of respondents from essential information is appeared in Table 1. Tally Rate Association A 10 40% B 8 32% C 7 28% Age 30 or more youthful 18 72% 31-50 5 20% 51 or more seasoned 2 8% Occupation Position Representative 22 88% Chief 3 12% Table 1: Profile of Respondents for Primary Research According to the information gathered through inside and out meeting, subjective information was acquired. I searched for four straightforward replies answers planned to commitment, for example, I am pleased to work at organization X; I am very fulfilled to work at Company X; I would recomme

Italian Vowels - Pronunciation Examples

Italian vowels ( le vocali a i u e o The approximate English equivalents are as follows: a is like a in the English word ah! Italian / Englishcasa  Ã‚  houseantipasto  Ã‚  appetizerama  Ã‚  lovesbanana  Ã‚  bananasala  Ã‚  hallPapa  Ã‚  Popefama  Ã‚  famepasta  Ã‚  pasta; dough; pastry e is sometimes like e in the English word they (without the final i glide). Italian / Englishe  Ã‚  andbeve  Ã‚  drinksme  Ã‚  mefede  Ã‚  faithvede  Ã‚  seesmele  Ã‚  applessete  Ã‚  thirstpepe  Ã‚  pepper e is sometimes like e in the word met. This is the open e. Italian / Englishà ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  islento  Ã‚  slowbene  Ã‚  wellfesta  Ã‚  party; holidaysedia  Ã‚  chairpresto  Ã‚  soonvento  Ã‚  windtà ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  tea i is like i in machine. Italian / Englishlibri  Ã‚  booksbimbi  Ã‚  childrenvini  Ã‚  winesviolini  Ã‚  violinstini  Ã‚  vatspini  Ã‚  pines o is sometimes like o in the English word oh!. Italian / Englisho  Ã‚  ordono  Ã‚  giftnome  Ã‚  namesolo  Ã‚  aloneposto  Ã‚  placetondo  Ã‚  roundvolo  Ã‚  flightmondo  Ã‚  world o is sometimes like o in or. This is the open o. Italian / Englishmoda  Ã‚  fashiontoga  Ã‚  togano  Ã‚  nooro  Ã‚  goldposta  Ã‚  mailbrodo  Ã‚  brothcosa  Ã‚  thingtrono  Ã‚  thronerosa  Ã‚  roseolio  Ã‚  oil u is like u in rule. Italian / Englishluna  Ã‚  moonfungo  Ã‚  mushroomuno  Ã‚  onelungo  Ã‚  longfuga  Ã‚  fuguemulo  Ã‚  muleuso  Ã‚  usetubo  Ã‚  tube

The Impact Of Tax Havens On The Economy Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3587 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? The offshore economy is a consequence of the globalization. Its emergence is known as a new economic environment where tax and regulations are relatively lax. As countries are getting closer and borders are blurred, the flow in and out of capital and money, mostly as Foreign Direct Investment, has caused critical changes to the contemporary economy. This essay will examine the impact of the tax havens, which are one of the most important aspects of the offshore economy (beside Offshore finance, Export processing Zones and E- Commerce) including their evolution, the successes and failures in their operation and their impact upon the global economy. Haven is defined as a place of sanctuary, a place of safety and thus implies that it is an area within which someone or something is protected from an enemy. For many in business the enemy is government taxes, which have a direct impact on profits and the financial structures of a business. Thus, tax havens are a geog raphical area within which a business can find sanctuary from taxes or enjoy lower levels of taxation than in other parts of the world. Because of the attraction to investors of lower taxes the areas become somewhere that can offer a competitive environment to attract investment away from other countries and into their own. This is spread across both personal and corporate tax environments. However, it should be noted that tax havens are designed for people or businesses to avoid tax in their own country and are a serious risks to the income of governments. For example, the Trade Union Congress researchers found that Tax avoidance by wealthy UK residents through tax havens costs UK tax payers at least  £4 billion a year (TUC 2009), while the IMF in 2000 found that assets of $4.6 trillion are passing through the balance sheets of tax havens (Offshore Financial Centers, International Monetary Fund background paper, June 23, 2000). The TUC went on in a later report to criticise the U K government review of tax havens (the Foot review) and declare that The PM and Chancellor have made it clear that they want to outlaw tax havens and the evasion and avoidance they promote. But this progress report suggests that this leisurely review is more focused on helping tax havens through their current financial difficulty than addressing the serious threat they pose to the global economyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ The Treasury needs to get a grip of this Review and decide whether it is flowing with or against the grain of world opinion which has turned so decisively against tax havens since the G20(Interim report of Foot review of tax havens is deeply disappointing, says TUC, TUC 2009). The fact that tax haven have seriously harmed the ability of governments to collect tax revenues means that in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis the role and future of tax havens has become a central problem in the global economy. This essay will now look at how tax havens ha ve developed. Ronen Palen (1992) identifies tax havens as a means for small countries and states to compete with the developed states of the world economy and has routes through which money can be laundered, with a third of all multinational corporations Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) transactions carried out through tax havens. Palan notes how there are two principal geo-political poles. The first is centred on those areas with close links to the City of London, and the other is centred in Europe and consists of the Benelux countries. For Palan (1992) tax havens are those states that can write/modify its own laws with the aim of making specific offers on the tax/financial aspects to attract/encourage/pave the way for target clients to invest money in the countries. The definition of tax havens is quite general and covers a number of methods that help persons and corporations to avoid tax. At present there are over 70 tax havens in the world; and many of these are weak or small countries (microstates). Hines (Which countries become tax havens, 2006), noted that in general the havens are small countries with a population of less than one million and are using low tax policies as a part of their developmental strategy. Palan (1992) draws a distinction between a Preferential tax regime and a tax haven. For example, the UK and US are two countries considered as tax havens by many countries because they apply a no taxation strategy on some specific sources of income. However, tax havens are not their key strategy, and the policies are limited means of taxation reduction aimed at attracting more foreign capital. The history of tax havens can be traced back to Ancient Greece, but their main role has developed as the industrial revolution and the modern economy has developed. Their main emergence came in the late 19th C to 1930s. Tax havens were established gradually. As Palan (1992) noted, tax havens were born from the three main centres of financi al development of the global economy; the US, UK and Switzerland. In the late of 19th Century, the two large states of the US New Jersey and Delaware, were desperately in need of new funds. Thus, the states established new financial structures to encourage the attraction of finance and issued policies establishing benefits to attract companies such as offshore company status that could be activated in less than a day since its establishment. The aim of the states was to attract companies and funds through low taxation and liberal incorporation laws, which were still rare and restricted in main economic regions of Germany and England. For those reasons, New Jersey had successfully encouraged a number of headquarters/ businesses to switch to the states. Today, New Jersey and Delaware are not seen as the tax havens in the general definition, but are recognised as the birthplace of tax havens. A second creator of tax havens is the British Courts. While the US states were know for the liberal financial laws, the British Courts should be credited with the technique of virtual residencies. By creating the ability of companies to have a financial identity but not actually be situated in the UK, the corporations could avoid paying tax on much of their income (Palan, 1992). In 1929, it formally established the rule that if companied registered in Britain but it doesnt conduct any trading then it wouldnt be claimed against for tax. Thus, companies are encouraged to incorporate in Britain with free taxation. Last but not least, the Swiss bank was a significant factor in the creation of tax havens. The Swiss bank system has been famous for its secrecy. The Bank Act in 1934 demonstrated that it had: absolute silence in respect to a professional secret, and this strengthened the idea that Swiss Banks were a place where companies could deposit funds and finances without tax authorities having access to the financial details of the transactions. Any companies, bus inesses, investors, even secret groups had the right to be protected perfectly from anyone trying to access information. Once they have protection of the Swiss banks, no one, including governments could violate that privacy. The main point of this is that companies and individuals could hide their finances within the Swiss Banking system and prevent tax authorities from gaining the financial information they need to request tax payments on those profits (Palan, 1992). These are seen as the inventors of tax havens. That they were trying to deliberately set up tax havens is in question, but the reality is that the policies they established brought about the financial conditions for tax havens to exist. The development of tax havens from WWI to early 1960s saw them become vital elements in the growth of the global economy. These are some of the countries who considered themselves as the first formal tax havens in the space of 1920s, 1930s. Once tax havens were established and certain states could attract vital funds from the global financial world it was inevitable that others would copy the system and create conditions that competed with existing tax havens (Baker, 2005, Henry, 2003). Liechtenstein- situated between Austria and Switzerland enacted its own Civil Code in 1924 and established new tax conditions that offered favourable benefits to investors and corporations. Luxembourg on 31st July 1929, applied a new law in which holding companies were exempt from income tax. The idea that a state could attract large sums of investment and finances through the manipulation of tax structures in a state was now formally established as a way to profit from the global economy (Palan 1992) From the 1960s to 1990s the global economy saw the heyday of tax havens. New laws of the Bank of England, which were established in 1957, declared that transactions that took place in the UK, even though its holders were not residing in the UK, could be recorded/credite d for tax reductions. Thus, those activities could be considered as offshore transactions and benefit from the tax haven status. Those advantages lead to the development of London as a major financial centre of the world attracting funds from across the globe and later developing its expansion into the Euromarket (Palan, 1992). In 1964, British Banks successfully established a cooperative relationship with three of the Worlds largest Banks City Bank, Chase Manhattan, and the Bank of American. Thus, Britain through the manipulation of the global tax system and the creation of London as a tax haven managed to raise its development to new heights and compete on equal terms with the largest banks in the world (Palan, 1992). It was inevitable that other states would follow the example of the US, Swiss and UK and numerous areas now became tax havens. In the Cayman Islands tax policies encouraging financial actors around the world to base themselves there soon made it the fourth lar gest financial centre in the world. Singapore became the fastest growing private sector in the world and attraction of investment through beneficial tax conditions quickly became a central policy for many states to attract new finances and keep them through increasingly more favourable tax incentives (Baker 2005, Henry, 2003). However, the multitude of new tax havens brought problems as well as benefits to the global economy. For example, in the Norfolk Islands, which was the first Pacific tax haven, the Australian government tried to block its development as it was seen as only benefiting international business and did little for national citizens. Despite the problems by 1990, there were nearly 100 tax havens in the world, both self-defined and internationally recognized and became the main stream of international lending. Almost one third of FDI was routed through Tax havens and recognised as the main route for carrying out international business whilst avoiding the payment of tax. It is undeniable that tax avoidance through tax havens has greatly influenced and modified the way the world economy has developed. It created a new environment that challenged most of the traditional rules. The major economic powers such as the US, UK and France gradually saw their control of the tax havens reduced and, ironically, while they were the largest and most active players in creating tax havens and their expansion, they also found themselves heading the international reaction to control them (Baker 2005, Henry, 2003). By the end of 1990s, it was recognized that tax havens had as many negative impacts on the global economy as they had positive ones. International organisations designed to help develop the global economy, such as the OECD, now declared that tax havens were the centre of a harmful tax competition that threatened the development of free trade and open markets. The European Union and the US now also became centres of influence on the global eco nomy to find ways to control and limit the impact of tax havens. However, how genuine this call for control of tax havens by the US is has to be questioned as the administrations of both Clinton and Bush did little to effectively control their growth. While Bush and Clinton seemed to be against the out of control development of tax havens, Obama in the other hand has some interest in it. At same time there is growing pressure on tax haven issues and the debate on them is deepening and spreading. The G20 summit in London suggests a number of proposals to re write / rebuild/ re structure tax havens regulations (Shah, 2009). It is clear that tax havens have now become a major player in the economic world. They have grown rapidly and there are about 70 formally recognized tax havens in the world. Although OECD is doing its best to re regulate tax havens, there are still many difficulties remaining. The financial crisis last 2008 weakened the big financial centers like UK, Western EU and US. However, the centres in Hong Kong, Singapore and China seemed to still be thriving. Thus, the tension in tax havens debates is likely to continue. In the age of global capital, offshore investment has become a normal way of international business. It helps areas attract a large number of international banks, businesses and investors. On the other hand, it has also attracted harsh criticism, mainly on its ability to protect and encourage those carrying out illegitimate activities, for example such criminal trades as drugs, arms trafficking and terrorism, where the tax havens offer a means to illegally launder money and financially support their activities. However, many would claim that tax havens still bring more benefits to state and society, than negative impacts. Thus, the question here is whether the legitimacy of the offshore investment tax havens should still exist and if yes, what should be its boundaries and limitations (Shah, 2009)? There are many elements of the offshore investment world, from E- commerce (online markets, casinos, etc), to flags of convenience (special offers on those who register their ships with particular countries), Export processing zones, offshore financers and Tax havens. However, the tax haven is a major concern. The offshore economy is known for its systemic lack of rules and regulations, with the advantages of tax reductions and tax avoidance. On the surface the tax havens themselves are important means for businesses and banks to conduct their trade, but it is also clear that their greatest advantages lies in actions that are very dangerously near to criminal claims of money laundering and tax evasion. Tax havens are countries with very clear tax and investment benefits such as little or no income or corporate tax, strong bank secrecy laws, good telecommunication links with global markets and public presentation as a tax haven. In a similar vein, tax havens have constructed their national legislation to clearly give incentives for big business to move from highly taxed countries to the tax havens. For example, Monaco has retained its low taxation environment since the last century to purely attract foreign investment, while small states in Caribbean have used low taxation as the major key to their developmental strategy. However, there are still many different characteristics of tax havens. Most tax havens normally modify their rules and law in order to encourage and attract foreign investors. They concentrate on reducing barriers to new businesses, offering strict privacy in regard to their business conduct and ensuring that the tax haven is both a low tax environment and a place to legally restrict the financial information that outside countries, governments and organizations can request access to. Tax havens also prevent its investors/clients from avoiding double taxation problems and confidently carry out their international business without paying large amounts of tax. Th e Bahamas Investment Authority demonstrated why the tax haven is necessary and legitimate as it declared them a paradise for many reasons: no personal, corporate or income tax, provide easy access to great world markets and are highly secure (Financial times, cited by Ronen) Tax havens are small financial resorts which are basically the booking centers for the huge financial systems in London, Tokyo and New York. They have the ability to write their own laws in relation to tax and financial issues in order to attract investors and large businesses from all over the world. In some views, tax havens are also known as the parking lot or transit lounge for those companies using this kind of service. Critics claim that Tax havens countries demonstrate a complete lack of interest or concern about the nature of companies and investors who register in their territory. Their only concern is the parking fee they receive for their services and it is this lack of concern for the consequen ces of allowing financial actors a free reign to conduct their business in the haven that troubles many people. In addition, the tax havens further harm their reputation by offering the companies who register in territory an unprecedented level of secrecy in both their tax and business matters. This is in itself a situation that now threatens the security of the globe in the age of the war of terrorism where tax havens guarantee terrorism organisations a base from which they can safeguard their financial dealings (ATO talks tough on tax havens. Australasian Business Intelligence | January 6, 2003. Tax havens are the right developmental strategy for the small and weak states. However, it is claimed that the goal of these countries is to draw rent surpluses from the income that otherwise would accrue to larger states(Hampton 1996, cited by Palan) Tax havens are seen as an abuse of rules and codes of sovereignty (Palan 1998) and at the same time encourages tax evasion and money l aundering (Hines and Rice 1994, cited by Palan) Palan argues that: The conditions that gave rise to the commercial use of sovereignty as perfected by tax havens cannot be dismissed either as legitimate responses to an unreasonable sure in taxation and regulation in the post war era. On the contrary, they go to the heart of the continuing process of state formation in a period of intensified capital mobility. Palan (1992) categorized tax havens into four types: Countries who dont charge income tax and only require license fees to foreign businesses. (Bermuda) Countries with low taxation policies (Jersey) Countries who levy tax on internal taxable activities only. (Hong Kong) Countries who provide special tax offer to specific types of businesses (Channel islands) Although the calculation of money through tax havens are various, some assume half of the world stock passes through tax havens, others believe that one fifth of private wealth is invested offshore (Cassard 1994, cited by Palan). One main reason leading to this growth of tax havens is the imposition of increased regulation in industrialized countries. (Financial Stability Forum 2000,11 cited by Palan) Banking, insurance and ship registrations are the most three important factors in offshore business, thus they are also the target subjects of heavy tax regulation. In regard to this situation, many states then offer the low tax or even zero taxation to attract foreign businesses to their countries. The most serious attack against tax havens is the possibility that they undermine democracy. Shah (2009, p.1) notes that companies also pour lots of money into shaping a global system that they will hope to benefit from. If the right balance cant be achieved, not only will attempts to evade taxation and other measures undermine capitalism (which they claim they support) they will also undermine democracy (for even responsible governments may find it hard to meet the needs of their popul ation). Shah continues in explaining that tax is the lifeblood of a countries economy and without it the consequences are extremely dangerous, for example, a government without an efficient revenue system cannot hope to successfully govern the country. Shah explains that developing countries lose $160 billion a year through tax evasion in 2008, which was over three times the figure for 2000, demonstrating a rapidly growing problem. Even these figures are suspect as the core base for this is tax avoidance and being able to calculate actually how much tax is secretly avoided is extremely difficult, so figures are only seen as conservative estimates (Shah, 2009, p.2). Shah points to even more graphic evidence of the damage that tax havens cause as he cites evidence from Christian Aid which says illegal, trade related tax evasion alone will be responsible for some 5.6 millions deaths of young children in the developing world between 2000 and 2015. Half are already dead. Shah (2009, p.3) is clear in his reasons for protesting against tax havens as he finds they: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Secret bank accounts and offshore trusts encourage wealthy individuals and companies to escape paying taxes ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ The ability of transnational corporations to structure their trade and investment flows through paper subsidiaries in tax havens provides them with a significant tax advantage over their nationally based competitors. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Banking secrecy and trust services provided by global financial institutions operating offshore provide a secure cover for laundering the proceeds of political corruption, fraud, embezzlement, illicit arms trading, and the global drug trade. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ The offshore economy has contributed to the rising incidence of financial market instability that can destroy livelihoods in poor countries. Thus, tax havens are purely constructed to allow multinationa l companies, rich individuals, corrupt leaders, criminals and terrorists to keep their wealth away from the prying eyes of national tax authorities. In the words of one tax expert, I have never come across any reason for people to set up an offshore trust [in a tax haven] other than to avoid tax (Shah, 2009. P.4). Basically then, tax havens cannot be justified as legitimate aspects of the global economy. They are based on giving financial actors unfair advantages and in a world moving towards open and free markets they offer many barriers to competitors who play the game and pay all their required taxes. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Impact Of Tax Havens On The Economy Finance Essay" essay for you Create order

The Outbreak of Natural Philosophy from Religion Essay

The Outbreak of Natural philosophy from Religion Science was not as prominent as it is now before, some people rejected science and all it had to offer for a long time. This was primarily because of the fact that people did not want to change their belief, not only theirs but their previous generations had believed in this also. This religious dogma they had believed in all their life, it was not until about the scientific revolution in the 16th century that science was widely accepted by all. Thales and his students although wrong were the ones who directed speculative thoughts and also started the process that brought physics, chemistry and other sciences. They were part of the first set of philosophers who started to†¦show more content†¦These ideas although they were wrong are what made the human mind break out from its one sided thinking in the belief of a divine body that was the cause of everything that happened in the natural world. The method they adopted was close study through the use of experiments and all other research methods to fully understand a situation. Religion is the belief or faith without reason of a divine body that governs the natural order of the world. In the past it was believed that the divine body was the cause of everything that happened in the natural world, like diseases, natural disasters the rain and every other thing that happened in the world. The two most renowned religions are Christianity and Islam, Christianity was one of the first major religions of the world and at a point it played a major part in the politics of the world. There were a few battles that went on between the Christianity and Islam, these battles were caused by territorial battles, differences in belief and conversion of pagans to a particular religion. Christianity dominated as the major religion for a long time in the past, old rulers used to kill pagans or followers of other religions. 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Beowulf Journal Entry free essay sample

After reading Beowulf and comparing it to my observations, I have concluded that Beowulf possesses some traits of a small child. Beowulf is characterized as a medieval Geatish warrior willing to take on any challenge in order to make a name for himself and is faster than a sea monster, stronger than a demon, more powerful than a dragon. Even with all of these heroic traits, he still acts like a child in many ways. Throughout the story Beowulf is very possessive and takes a prize from every battle. For example, when he is fighting Grendel’s mother he takes a sword as the prize, from Grendel he takes his arm, and from the dragon he wants to take its treasure â€Å"And this dragon’s treasure, his gold and everything hidden in that tower, will be mine or war will sweep me to a bitter death! †. Because the story of Beowulf was written down (presumably) by a monk, you can tell that God has been inserted forcefully and does not necessarily fit into the story â€Å"Now he discovered-once the afflictor of men, tormenter of their days-what it meant to feud with almighty God: Grendel saw that his strength was deserting him, his claws bound fast, Higlac’s brave follower tearing at his hands. †. Even though Beowulf is read from the point of view of a Christian narrator telling a Pagan tale, insight as to what the characters are thinking and their backgrounds is also given. The setting of the story is around 500 A. D. in Denmark and Geatland (today’s southern Sweden), but the narrator still tells us of events that happened in the past. Beowulf is set in a time of danger and violence ruled by just men. The poem is centered on three major conflicts which are Beowulf’s fight with Grendel, Beowulfs fight with Grendel’s mother and his fight with the dragon which ended up being the death of him. The theme of the story is that Beowulf, having already proven himself a hero and making an identity for himself at home, he wants to do the same abroad to become even more famous. Hearing of Hrothgar’s problem with Grendel and his most famous of mead halls, Beowulf seeing an opportunity to spread his fame and prove his strength to a distant land travels to Herot and boasts to the Hrothgar the king, of his past courageous acts and of his plans to defeat Grendel or be killed trying. When describing the great battles between Beowulf and his adversaries, the narrator tells them with great enthusiasm, but they are also told with a sense of uncertainty as to whether Beowulf will emerge as the victor, â€Å"Then she carried him, armor and sword and all, to her home; he struggled to free his weapon, and failed†. The poem Beowulf is riddled with symbolism as are most ancient works of literature. The banquet in Beowulfs honor before he goes to fight Grendel represents the restoration of order and harmony to the Danish people and the rebirth of the community. The speeches and giving of present and treasures add to the feeling of rebirth. The poem states that Beowulf was praised and glorified by Hrothgar who also gave him advice on how to be king and was said to be the best of kings. Even though this is stated in the poem, based on my observations of his behavior i believe that he would have made a terrible king and possibly even brought about the downfall of his great nation. I believe this because of his inability to put others before his own pride and honor, his constant pushing to do everything alone and his arrogance that he is the best, strongest, most skillful person alive. He further says that he is unbeatable which shows that throughout his whole life he does not outgrow childish behavior and character traits. Women have almost no significant role throughout the entire story of Beowulf. The only woman in the whole story is Wealhtheow, Hrothgar’s wife who recites a speech to Beowulf during the banquet and exhibits her gratitude to Beowulf for helping to restore her husband’s greatest mead-hall on Herot. The epic poem Beowulf is about the greatest of warriors, Beowulf who travels to Denmark to help rid its people of a powerful monster who has taken over a mead-hall and is massacring its people and soldiers and to prove to his allies that he is indeed the greatest of warriors. The contents of the poem are very well written and spectacular however, the title by itself appears meaningless. The Anglo-Saxons payed little attention to minor things like author and title because the purpose of their stories was to entertain people and to immortalize great people and warriors through words. Through reading this story readers can not only be entertained, but also learn about the Anglo-Saxon writing styles, their traditional values such as honor, the meaning of boasting to them, pride and death; and internal conflicts of that time period such as the struggle between Christianity and Paganism . As seen in this story, Beowulf despite his heroism and good will is still partially a child at heart even as an old man. However Beowulf is not the only hero who acts possesses childish traits. As I read other epics and books, I see that most heroes also possess these traits so Beowulf is not exceptional in exhibiting childish behavior and character traits.